Primarily composed of nickel, with other alloying elements like iron, chromium, molybdenum,

cobalt, and sometimes titanium. Common alloys include Inconel, Hastelloy, and Monel.

Tube diameters typically range from 6 mm to over 100 mm,

depending on the alloy and specific application needs.

Varies from thin-walled (e.g., 0.5 mm) to thick-walled (e.g., several millimeters),

depending on pressure requirements and service conditions.

Used in applications such as heat exchangers, chemical reactors, aerospace components,

power generation (boilers, turbines), and marine environments.

High tensile strength, excellent toughness,

and good ductility even in extreme conditions.

Outstanding resistance to oxidation, pitting, and general corrosion,

particularly in high-temperature and aggressive chemical environments (e.g., acid, alkali).

Excellent resistance to high temperatures (up to 1000°C or more),

making them ideal for high-heat applications like heat exchangers and furnace components.

Can be cold-drawn, extruded, or seamless, offering high precision and uniformity

in diameter and wall thickness. Can also be welded, brazed, or flanged.

Can be heat-treated (annealed or solution-treated) to enhance strength,

corrosion resistance, and mechanical properties, especially for high-performance applications.

Weldable using common techniques (e.g., TIG, MIG, or plasma welding),

although some alloys may require specialized welding methods due to their high strength or composition.

More expensive than standard steel pipes due to the high cost of nickel

and other alloying elements, as well as the processing techniques involved.